In this modern era, the advancement in sciences and medicines makes it possible to cure many chronic diseases, but the change in season always becomes a challenge for medical sciences. Many diseases like Dengue, Malaria, and viral fever are spreading widely all over the areas.
Disease word summed up with two words dis+ease, which means lack of ease.
When there is a disease in a body, the functioning of one or more body systems is changed for the worse. These changes give rise to signs and symptoms of illness.
Diseases are divided into two categories: infectious and non- infectious.
Infectious diseases:- can be viral, bacterial or fungal and parasitic.
Viral infections are the foreign bodies which enter into cells of our body and use its machinery to make copies of themselves as they have no way to reproduce.
Bacterial infections are caused by single-celled organisms that are présent all around us- on our body, skin or inside our body. Some bacteria are harmless, but those which are harmful make us sick.
Fungal infections are some fungi which are also present in our body and enters our body through mouth making us sick.
Parasitic infections are caused by oragnisms called as parasites. Parasites are those organisms that uses the bodies of other organisms to live and reproduce.
Some diseases are cused by microbial agents. These microbial agents can commonly move from an affected person to someone else in many ways such as through air, water, touch or by vectors. Vectors are animals acting as intermediate between a sick person to another host. Most common vector we know are mosquitoes.
Infectious diseases :- These diseases are caused by factors that include rapid unplanned urbanisation, globalisation of unhealthy lifestyles and population ageing. Eating unhealthy food and no physical activity are the root causes of raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids and obesity. These metabolic risk factors can lead to heart disease, etc.
As we know, prevention is better than cure, as a disease always causes some damage to the body and loss of working days, besides expenditure on medication. The essential precautions for preventing the occurrence of diseases are
(i) Hygienic environment : (ii) personal hygiene (iii) Proper nutrition: (iv) Cover your nose and mouth while sneezing and coughing. (v) Avoid direct contact with an infected person
(vi) Drink clean water. (vii) Cover the drains and other water collecting places.
In conclusion, Everybody should also be aware of diseases – their mode of spreading and preventing and curing them.
Written By:-Mrs. Ronika
